C++

• Standard Library

#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>
#include <random>

int generate_secret_number(int min, int max) {
    std::mt19937 rng(time(0));
    return (rng() % (max - min + 1)) + min;
}

int main() {
    std::cout << "Guess the number!" << std::endl;

    int secret_number = generate_secret_number(1, 100);

    while (true) {
        std::cout << "Please input your guess: ";

        int guess;
        std::cin >> guess;

        std::cout << "You guessed: " << guess << std::endl;

        if (guess < secret_number) {
            std::cout << "Too small!" << std::endl;
        } else if (guess > secret_number) {
            std::cout << "Too big!" << std::endl;
        } else {
            std::cout << "You win!" << std::endl;
        break;
      }
    }

    return 0;
}

Refer to C for language basics.

Types

• New primitive: bool
• Auto typing: auto x = 5;
• Copy typing: decltype(x) y = x;
• Type alias: using Distance = double;
• Null pointer: int *p = nullptr;
• Reference: int &r = x;

Namespaces

namespace lyn {
    int number;  // number is a member of namespace lyn (lyn::number)
}

int main() { lyn::number = 32; }

Lambda Functions

auto add = [/* capture */](int a, int b) { return a + b; };
add(1, 2); // => 3

Dynamic Memory

// new and delete
int* p = new int; // allocate memory for an int
*p = 1919;
delete p; // release memory

// new[] and delete[]
int* p = new int[5]; // allocate memory for 5 integers
p[0] = 1919;
delete[] p; // release memory